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Liping JIANG: Improving the sustainability of high percentage new energy power systems

2022.07.14     From:


Adhering to the system concept to enhance the sustainability of high percentage of new energy power system

--Interview with Liping JIANG, Vice President of State Grid Energy Research Institute


The Implementation Plan on Promoting High Quality Development of New Energy in the New Era (hereinafter referred to as "Implementation Plan") was released recently. Around the topics of how to improve the adaptability of the power system to large-scale and high-ratio new energy connection and consumption, and how to grasp the key to the development of distributed new energy, China Energy Media reporter interviewed Liping JIANG, vice president of the State Grid Energy Research Institute. She said that we should adhere to the system concept, focusing on three aspects: improving the flexibility of the power system, making a good connection between grid planning and new energy development, and accelerating the establishment and improvement of market mechanisms to adapt to the efficient development and utilization of distributed energy, in order to accelerate the construction of a new power system that adapts to the gradual increase in the proportion of new energy.


Q: What are the highlights of the "Implementation Plan" in terms of innovative new energy development and utilization models?


A: New energy development can not be limited to the development and utilization of energy resources themselves from the perspective of consideration, but also to coordinate the use of other resources and ecological and environmental requirements. One of the highlights of the "Implementation Plan" is the concept of coordination throughout the various initiatives to promote new energy development. For example, for the construction of large wind power and photovoltaic base proposed in the land pre-qualification, planning site selection, environmental protection and other aspects to strengthen coordination guidance. This requirement is not only applicable to the development and construction of large clean energy bases, but is also important for the development of distributed energy in the eastern region. Because of the relatively limited use of deserts, Gobi and desert, and the tight land resources in the central and eastern regions, new energy development involving land, environmental protection and other restrictions or conflicts with other aspects of the project may be more prominent.


The key to the development of a large new energy base is the technical and economic issues, should be well integrated with the sending end of the region and the receiving end of the region's resource characteristics and cross-regional transmission conditions, to achieve a multi-faceted complementary advantages; the development and utilization of new energy resources in the central and eastern regions require more consideration of business models, market mechanisms and industry management norms. In general, the development of new energy needs technology, policy, market, industry management norms and other aspects of the formation of a mutually echoing organism, playing a combination of fists.


Q: The Implementation Plan points out that there is still the problem of inadequate adaptability of the power system to the large-scale and high-ratio new energy connection and consumption.


A: I think there are three aspects. The first is about the system's ability to regulate and flexibility, "Implementation Plan" clearly put forward a series of specific measures. The key to this area of work is to adhere to the principle of establishing before breaking, and the core is to set up the market mechanism and management norms, and the market mechanism should reflect the value of flexibility in regulating capacity, so that market players with such capacity can cash in on the market, thus giving rise to more technical and commercial solutions. Measures to enhance the flexibility of the system still has great potential for excavation, the key is to set up the rules that can reasonably reflect the responsibility of market players and mobilize market potential.


The second is the planning interface issues, "implementation plan" proposed local energy authorities, power grid enterprises to combine the development needs of new energy projects, timely optimization of power grid planning and construction program and investment plan arrangements. This is particularly important. Government departments should play a good leading role, grid planning and new energy development to do a good job of coordination between the grid construction to play ahead of time.


The third is distributed energy development and utilization, which will bring significant changes in the industry ecological pattern to the power system, especially the distribution network link. Distributed energy resources are developed and utilized in a variety of ways, and the development body can be self-generating and self-using, or as a third-party investor. Different types of development entities have different demands, the first goal of developers is to make profit, the first goal of users is to save money, which will bring a diversified industry ecology, and it is urgent to encourage business model innovation through the establishment of market mechanisms.


Q: The Implementation Plan encourages the development of distributed new energy, green microgrids, new energy direct power supply and other model innovations, what impact will these new models bring to the power system?


A: The Implementation Plan encourages the development of distributed new energy, green microgrids, new energy direct power supply and other model innovations, what impact will these new models bring to the power system?


The diversification of market players also makes the power industry's demand for marketization stronger. Practical experience shows that the more diversified market players in the field, the better the effect of marketization, and the higher the degree. Under the pattern of diversified market players in the electric power market, the role of market mechanism will be more prominent, accordingly, the role of market regulation and supervision also becomes more and more important. All kinds of market players must participate in the market operation under the framework of reasonable market mechanism and clear industry management norms, assume corresponding responsibilities and obtain reasonable investment and operation management returns, in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system and sustainable development.


At the same time, distributed energy development will also further enhance the importance of distribution network construction and development. The Implementation Plan puts forward specific initiatives for the development of distributed smart grids and active distribution grids.


Q: The Implementation Plan proposes to reasonably determine the proportion of distributed new energy to be connected to the distribution network, and to explore the demonstration of DC distribution network projects adapted to distributed new energy access. What are your suggestions on how to carry out these two aspects of work?


A: The measure of "reasonably determining the proportion of distributed new energy sources connected to the distribution network" is a concrete manifestation of the system concept and deserves praise.


What is a reasonable ratio? When the scale of distributed power supply access to the distribution network increases to a certain level, the construction and renovation investment of the distribution network is bound to increase significantly, so it is necessary to study and determine the reasonable proportion of each station area and distribution network access to new energy, in order to optimize the development rhythm of distributed power supply and the rhythm of distribution network renovation investment in each area, and to control the comprehensive cost of power supply within a reasonable rate of increase.


How to determine a reasonable ratio? In general, this is a technical and economic comparison problem. We can take a station area as a basic unit, consider various resource conditions, load characteristics, the basic situation of the power system in the area, as well as the new energy development planning objectives in the area, consider the investment cost of power supply projects and power grid projects, and aim at the lowest level of comprehensive power supply cost (or increase rate) during the planning and analysis period, and make a comprehensive analysis of the scale of distributed power supply in different station areas or distribution networks, the development progress, and gradually increase the proportion of new energy access. The development progress will be analyzed comprehensively, and the progress of new energy development and distribution network construction and renovation will be arranged to gradually increase the proportion of new energy access.


The "DC distribution grid project demonstration for distributed new energy access" is not only a technical issue, but also a social ecological and technical reconstruction issue. The DC distribution network not only includes distributed new energy, but also requires DC power equipment on the user side, such as DC household appliances for residential use. This requires a unified technical standard between the power industry and the appliance manufacturing industry, which is a cross-industry and cross-discipline proposition. DC distribution grid projects have a wider application scenario in areas rich in distributed energy resources, and it is of great value to carry out engineering demonstrations. State Grid, South Grid and other organizations have carried out a lot of preliminary research and some engineering demonstrations in this area.


Q: What are the arrangements of the Implementation Plan in promoting the convergence of green power trading, carbon emissions trading and renewable energy power consumption responsibility weighting system?


A: The Implementation Plan proposes to support the inclusion of certified greenhouse gas emission reductions from eligible new energy projects into the national carbon emissions trading market for allowance clearing offsets. This is a very valuable consideration to synergize the renewable energy power consumption responsibility weighting system with the carbon emission reduction related system. Renewable energy development can be effective in fulfilling the multiple policy objectives such as consumption responsibility weighting and carbon emission reduction, and the corresponding system can play a synergistic effect. Renewable energy quota system, renewable energy consumption responsibility weighting, carbon quotas, green power trading and other policy measures are closely related to new energy. The Implementation Plan releases the policy signal that the industry authorities will systematically consider all kinds of institutional arrangements and promote the effective connection of all kinds of markets. Under the framework of such a policy system, market players can choose the market segments that best meet their own positioning, technical characteristics and business operation and management requirements according to the rules of the system, to participate and realize their own value.


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